应用DNA分子标记鉴定瓦氏黄颡鱼、长吻鮠及其杂交种
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国家现代农业产业技术体系特色淡水鱼体系项目(CARS-46)


Identification of Pelteobagrus vachelli, Leiocassis longirostris and their interspecific hybrid by DNA markers
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    摘要:

    瓦氏黄颡鱼与长吻鮠的杂交后代与其父母本形态学特征相似,在生产中容易产生混淆,而DNA分子标记可以快速准确地区分物种,常被用于物种鉴定。基于目前已有的瓦氏黄颡鱼、长吻鮠的基因组数据,实验通过比较基因组学分析,发现瓦氏黄颡鱼与长吻鮠在演化关系上较为接近,估算出二者分化时间为370万年前。同时,通过染色体序列共线性分析,发现二者均具有26对染色体,且染色体一一对应,并未发现染色体间的融合重组现象,仅存在染色体内部的重排。基于以上结果,实验发现2种鱼在patj基因序列上存在一段391 bp的INDEL。根据该差异片段,设计出了引物PVLL。该引物在瓦氏黄颡鱼中仅扩增出339 bp的条带,在长吻鮠中仅扩增出730 bp的条带,而在其杂交种中可以同时扩增出339与730 bp这2种大小的条带。根据扩增条带的差别可以准确区分三者,此研究结果不受性别影响,并且在不同群体中也验证了引物的有效性。研究表明,比较基因组学可用于准确鉴别瓦氏黄颡鱼、长吻鮠及其杂交种,从而提高杂交育种生产的效率。

    Abstract:

    The Pelteobagrus vachelli and Leiocassis longirostris, belong to the order Siluriformes and family Bagridae, respectively fall under the genus Pelteobagrus and Leiocassis. Their interspecific hybrid offspring exhibit superior growth performance, suggesting significant production potential. As the hybrid offspring of P. vachelli and L. longirostris share similar morphological features with their parents, confusion may arise in production. DNA molecular markers can be used to accurately and rapidly distinguish species, and are commonly used for species identification. In this study, based on the published genomic data of P. vachelli and L. longirostris, comparative genomic analysis revealed a close evolutionary relationship between the two species. The estimated divergence time was about 3.7 million years ago. Moreover, through chromosome sequence synteny analysis, it was found that both species had 26 pairs of chromosomes. These chromosomes corresponded one-to-one, with no observed chromosomal fusions, only intra-chromosomal rearrangements. Based on these results, a 391 bp INDEL was identified in the patj gene sequence in the two fish species. Using this differential fragment, we designed the primer PVLL. This primer only amplified a 339 bp band in P. vachelli and a 730 bp band in L. longirostris, while in the hybrid species, it amplified both 339 bp and 730 bp bands. The difference in the amplified bands could be used to distinguish the three species, regardless of gender accurately . We further verified the validity of the primers in different populations. Accordingly, our study provides a theoretical basis for hybrid breeding between P. vachelli and L. longirostris through comparative genomic analysis. Furthermore, we developed a molecular marker that could efficiently and accurately identify P. vachelli, L. longirostris, and their interspecific hybrids, which will greatly improve the efficiency of hybrid breeding production.

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巩高瑞,廖倩,孙瑞东,王忠卫,姜俊,梅洁.应用DNA分子标记鉴定瓦氏黄颡鱼、长吻鮠及其杂交种[J].水产学报,2024,48(10):109610

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  • 收稿日期:2023-06-02
  • 最后修改日期:2023-08-23
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  • 在线发布日期: 2024-09-30
  • 出版日期: 2024-10-01