陆海转运应激对两种不同养殖模式下斑石鲷生理功能的影响
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1.黄海水产研究所;2.鲁东大学农学院

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中国水产科学研究院基本科研业务费(2020TD51),中央引导地方资金(YDZX2022120)


Effect of transport stress on physiology of spotted knifejaw (Oplegnathus punctatus) reared in different culture systemss
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Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute

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    摘要:

    为探究两种养殖模式下斑石鲷(Oplegnathus punctatus)在陆海转运应激过程中的生理反应特征及响应机制,本研究通过分析血浆皮质醇(cortisol, Cor)和葡萄糖(glucose, Glu)浓度、白细胞(white blood cell, WBC)和红细胞(red blood cell, RBC)数目、血红蛋白(hemoglobin, Hb)含量和红细胞积压(hematocrit, Hct)、肝脏和肌肉糖原含量、肝脏超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase, SOD)、过氧化氢酶(catalase, CAT)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(glutathione peroxidase, GSH-Px)、谷丙转氨酶(alanine aminotransferase, ALT)和谷草转氨酶(aspartate aminotransferase, AST)活力、丙二醛(malondialdehyde, MDA)含量和肝细胞凋亡率,比较了陆基工厂化循环水(recirculating aquaculture system, RAS)和深水网箱(offshore sea cage aquaculture system, OSCS)养殖模式下斑石鲷对陆海转运应激的生理反应差异及响应机制。结果显示,陆海接力运输前,OSCS养殖斑石鲷的RBC数目、Hb含量和Hct显著高于RAS养殖斑石鲷(P<0.05),其它指标则无显著差异(P>0.05)。陆海接力运输过程中,两种养殖模式下斑石鲷Hb含量、血浆Cor和Glu浓度、血浆和肝脏ALT、AST活力、肝脏CAT和GSH-Px活性、MDA含量及肝细胞凋亡率均显著上升(P<0.05),肌糖原含量和肝脏SOD活力无显著变化(P>0.05)。此外,OSCS养殖斑石鲷RBC数目、Hb含量、肝脏MDA和肝糖原含量、Glu浓度、血浆和肝脏中ALT和AST、CAT和GSH-Px活力及肝细胞凋亡率的变化比例,显著低于RAS养殖斑石鲷(P<0.05)。上述显著变化指标占全部指标的70.59%,且在差异性变化生理指标中,OSCS养殖斑石鲷运输结束后48 h,恢复正常状态,而RAS养殖斑石鲷则需要72 h。以上结果表明,在陆海接力运输过程中,OSCS养殖斑石鲷具有更强的抗应激能力和更佳的生理状态。相关数据可为斑石鲷陆海接力高效转运和养殖模式的优化,提供理论依据和数据支撑。

    Abstract:

    The standard technologies and models were applied to guarantee the production and supplment of high quality protein in aquaculture. Reirculating aquaculture systems (RAS) has advantages on the level of intensive use, utilization of water resources, and command of environmental factors, and it was widely used in marine fish aquaculture. However, the higher energy consumption and more serious choice and management in fish. Offshore sea cage system (OSCS) and offshore aquaculture nets (OANPS) take efficiency advantages of natural environment to obtain optimal growth performance and flesh quality. Therefore, it is an efficient way to develop offshore aquaculture, promote the high quality development of fisheries and alleviate the offshore pressure which rely on offshore facilities and equipments. Most of fish were difficult to resist severe winter in northern of China, the ingestion and growth will be sifnificantly influenced even if they can tolerance the low tempreture. Therefore, it is effective that the way of land-sea relay to conduct continuous aquaculture. The method was applied in most of marine fish, which were cultivated in RAS and transport to OSCS and OANPS. Besides, the new aquaculture model of land-sea relay will promote developing, ultilizing natural resourses and expanding culture spaces. Spotted knifejaw(Oplegnathus punctatus) was popular with high economic value and broad prospects. According to previous researchers, transport stress significantly influenced the cortisol and glucose concentration in Ictalurus punctatus, Pelteobagrus fulvidraco, and Thunnus orientalis. Our research group has confirmed that handling stress as the main stressor will influence the physiology function of spotted knifejaw. Meanwhile, spotted knifejaw of OSCS has better growth performance, physiology condition and immunity activity than RAS which were cultured in OANPS. So we predicted that spotted knifejaw will obtain optimal tolerance to stress after transport to OSCS and OANPS. The study compared and explained the physiological response mechanism of spotted knifejaw subjected to transport stress under RAS and OSCS, aiming to explore the response features and mechanisms in physiology of spotted knifejaw during land-sea relay under different two kinds of culture models. Plasma cortisol (Cor), glucose (Glu) concentration, white blood cell numbers (WBC)and red blood cell numbers (RBC), hemoglobin (Hb) content, hematocrit (Hct) were analyzed by the automatic hematology analytical method. Hepatic and muscular glycogen content, hepatic superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activity, malonaldehyde (MDA) content were detected by commercial kits. Hepatocyte apoptosis rate was evaluated by TUNEL technique with a commercial in Fluorescein Tunel Cell (FITC) Apoptosis Detection Kit. Results showed that RBC numbers, Hb content, and Hct in spotted knifejaw under OSCS were significantly higher than RAS before transportation, whereas other parameters indicated no significant different under OSCS and RAS models. During transportation, plasma Cor and Glu concentration, plasma and hepatic ALT and AST, hepatic CAT and GSH-Px activity, MDA content, and hepatocytes apoptosis significant increased under two kinds of models, whereas hepatic glycogen was significant decreased and muscular glycogen and SOD activity had no significant changed during the whole experiment. The rate of change of RBC number, Hb, hepatic MDA and glycogen content, Glu concentration, plasma and hepatic ALT and AST, CAT, GSH-Px and hepatocytes apoptosis rate in spotted knifejaw of OSCS was significantly lower than RAS. The above significant parameters accounted for 70.59% of the total indicaors. This different change in physilogical indicators will recovered after transportation 48 h, while RAS needed 72 h. Simultaneously, spotted knifejaw under OSCS had better physiological performance and stronger anti-stress characteristics than RAS during transportation and recovery period. These findings would offer important references and data support to optimize transportation and model during land-sea relay.

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谢婷,王枫林,段勇杰,程浩,关长涛,闫冬春,贾玉东.陆海转运应激对两种不同养殖模式下斑石鲷生理功能的影响[J].水产学报,2025,49(2):

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  • 收稿日期:2023-03-10
  • 最后修改日期:2023-04-20
  • 录用日期:2023-05-09
  • 在线发布日期: 2025-02-19
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