In this study, transcriptome sequencing was performed on eight developmental stages of Macrobrachiumrosenbergii embryos, including cleavage stage I, cleavage stage II, blastocyst stage, gastrula stage, naupliusproprionalis, naupliusproprionalis, and flea like larva. A total of 156.37 Gb clean data was obtained, and 22964 unigenes were predicted. A two-by-two comparative analysis of the embryonic samples from eight different developmental stages of R. rosenbergii was performed, and the number of differentially expressed genes in 8 embryonic samples of M. rosenbergii at different development stages was between 587 and 8620. GO enrichment analysis of differentially expressed genes showed that up-regulated expressed genes were mainly enriched in GO functional categories related to cell development, growth, and motility, and down-regulated expressed genes were mainly enriched in GO functional categories related to translational regulation, chemotaxis, antioxidant, and detoxification activities of cells. KEEG enrichment analysis found that pathways of differentially expressed genes were mainly enriched in metabolic pathways related to cell growth and normal physiological and biochemical processes. This study provides a transcriptome information resource for the study of R. rosenbergii embryos.