克氏原螯虾胚胎离体孵化与抱卵孵化的效果评估
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Q 132.4;S 966.12

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国家重点研发计划 (2020YFD0900303,2019YFD0900304);湖北省技术创新专项重大项目 (2018ABA102);中国科学院青年创新促进会人才项目(2019331)


Effects evaluation of in vitro incubation and maternal incubation of Procambarus clarkii embryos
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    摘要:

    为了评估克氏原螯虾胚胎离体孵化的可行性,探究其人工集约化孵化技术,比较研究了克氏原螯虾胚胎在离体孵化模式与抱卵孵化模式下的死亡率、孵化率、胚胎发育情况。结果显示,胚胎在不同孵化时间段 (实验2~4、5~7、8~10和11~13 d)的死亡率差异显著,出膜前期 (实验11~13 d)的胚胎死亡率显著高于实验2~4与8~10 d的胚胎死亡率,但2种孵化处理方式下的总死亡率无显著差异。在同个监测时间点,2种孵化模式的胚胎发育阶段相近,且均无胚胎畸形现象,但离体孵化胚胎易被菌丝附着,死亡的离体胚胎均被菌丝侵染。2种孵化模式下开始出现初孵仔虾的时间一致,全部胚胎均孵化结束后,离体孵化模式的胚胎孵化率显著低于抱卵孵化模式,但离体孵化模式也得到较高的孵化率 (76.91%±4.62%)。研究表明,克氏原螯虾胚胎离体孵化模式具有较好的可行性。胚胎离体孵化的主要问题是卵菌感染引起的胚胎死亡,为降低离体胚胎的死亡率,可进行梯度抗菌。本研究可为克氏原螯虾苗种集约化繁育提供理论依据与技术支撑。

    Abstract:

    The aquaculture of Procambarus clarkii has developed rapidly nationwide in recent years. According to statistics, the production of P. clarkii in 2021 reached 2 633 600 tons, become the most highly-produced freshwater crustaceans in China. However, limited knowledge about intensive breeding of P. clarkii seedlings has hindered its sustainable development. Artificial incubation may be an effective way to realize intensive breeding of P. clarkii seedlings. The mortality, hatching rate and embryo development of P. clarkii embryos were compared between in vitro incubation mode and maternal incubation mode to evaluate the feasibility of in vitro incubation of P. clarkii embryos and explore its artificial intensive incubation techniques. The results showed that the mortality of embryos at different incubation periods (2-4 days, 5-7 days, 8-10 days, 11-13 days of the experiment) were significantly different. Embryos mortality in the prepared hatching stage (11-13 days of the experiment) was significantly higher than that in 2-4 days and 8-10 days, but there were no significant differences in total embryos mortality between the two incubation treatments. At the same measurement time, the developmental stages of embryos of two incubation treatments were similar and there were no embryo morphological abnormalities. However, embryos hatched under in vitro incubation were susceptible to mycelial attachment, and the dead embryos of in vitro incubation were all infected by the mycelium. Two incubation treatments appeared the first instar larvae at the same time. The hatching rate of embryos of in vitro incubation was significantly lower than that of maternal incubation. But a higher hatching rate (76.91%±4.62%) of embryos under in vitro incubation was obtained. The study indicated that the feasibility of P. clarkii embryos under in vitro incubation was good. The main problem of embryos under in vitro incubation was the embryonic death due to the oomycete infection. In order to reduce the mortality of embryos under in vitro incubation, gradient anti-oomycete could be carried out.

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覃丽蓉,李为,荣宽,张堂林,刘家寿.克氏原螯虾胚胎离体孵化与抱卵孵化的效果评估[J].水产学报,2024,48(10):109612

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  • 收稿日期:2022-05-18
  • 最后修改日期:2022-09-24
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  • 在线发布日期: 2024-09-30
  • 出版日期: 2024-10-01