饲料中添加酶解鸡浆对大口黑鲈肝脏抗氧化能力、肠道物理屏障和肠道菌群的影响
作者:
作者单位:

1.西南大学水产学院,西南大学淡水鱼类资源与生殖发育教育部重点实验室,重庆 400716;2.广东海洋大学水产学院

作者简介:

通讯作者:

林仕梅,从事水产动物营养与饲料研究,E-mail:linsm198@163.com

LIN Shimei. E-mail: linsm198@163.com

中图分类号:

基金项目:

蓝色粮仓科技创新专项 (2019YFD0900200);重庆市生态渔产业技术体系专项(2022);重庆市水产科技创新联盟项目(2022)


Effects of enzymatic chicken pulp on liver antioxidant capacity, intestinal physical barrier and microflora of Micropterus salmoides
Author:
Affiliation:

1.Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development, Ministry of Education, College of Fisheries, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China;2.College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China

Fund Project:

National Key R & D Program of China (2019YFD0900200); Chongqing Ecological Fishery Industry Technical System (2022); Chongqing Fishery Technology Innovation Union (2022)

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    摘要:

    为评价酶解鸡浆在大口黑鲈健康养殖方面的功效,本实验用3.5%的鱼溶浆 (SW)和酶解鸡浆 (EC)分别等量替代基础饲料中的鱼粉,配制成3种等脂 (EE 11.3%)实验饲料,在室内循环系统饲喂初始体质量为 (9.25±0.13) g的大口黑鲈8周。结果显示,各处理组大口黑鲈增重率 (WGR)、特定生长率 (SGR)和摄食率 (FR)均无显著差异。EC组肝脏总超氧化物歧化酶 (T-SOD)活性、丙二醛 (MDA)含量以及抗炎细胞因子 (TGF-β)和促炎细胞因子 (IL-8)基因表达量均显著优于对照组 (基础饲料)和SW组。同其他处理组相比,添加酶解鸡浆后,肠道紧密连接蛋白 (occludinzo-1 和claudin-1)基因相对表达量显著上调,而血清中二胺氧化酶 (DAO)活性、D-乳酸 (D-Lac)和脂多糖 (LPS)含量显著降低。同时观察到酶解鸡浆会影响大口黑鲈肠道菌群的丰度 (OTUs和Chao1),在属水平上增加潜在益生菌芽孢杆菌丰度,降低部分潜在有害菌如志贺氏菌属、不动杆菌属、弧菌属和支原体的丰度。进一步表型预测发现,添加酶解鸡浆会显著降低革兰氏阴性菌比例,增加革兰氏阳性菌比例。研究表明,饲料中添加酶解鸡浆不影响大口黑鲈的生长,还会增强肝脏的抗氧化能力和肠道物理屏障,改善肠道菌群。酶解鸡浆可作为大口黑鲈饲料的优质蛋白源。

    Abstract:

    In order to evaluate the effects of enzymatic chicken mashes on healthy culture of Micropterus salmoides, fish meal in basal diet was replaced with 3.5% fish meal by stickwater from fish processing (SW) and enzymatic chicken pulp (EC) by the equal amounts, respectively, and three isolipid (EE 11.3%) diets were prepared. M. salmoides with an initial body weight of (9.25±0.13) g were fed in a circulation system for 8 weeks. The results indicated that there were no significant differences in weight gain rate (WGR), specific growth rate (SGR) and feeding rate (FR) of M. salmoides among all treatment groups. The activity of total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD), content of malondialdehyde (MDA) and expression levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines (TGF-β) and pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-8) in liver in EC group were significantly better than those in control group (basal diet) and SW group. Compared with other treatments, after adding EC, the relative expressions of occludin, zo-1 and claudin-1 in intestinal tract were significantly up-regulated, while the activities of diamine oxidase (DAO), D-lactic acid (D-Lac) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) contents in serum were significantly decreased. At the same time, it was also observed that EC affected the intestinal microflora abundance (OTUs and Chao1) of M. salmoides, increased the (Bacillus) at the genus level, and reduced the abundance of potentially probiotic bacteria of some potentially harmful bacteria (Escherichia-shigella,Acinetobacter, Vibrio and Mycoplasma). Further phenotypic prediction showed that the addition of EC significantly reduced the proportion of Gram-negative bacteria and increased the proportion of Gram-positive bacteria. All in all, the addition of EC in the diet does not affect the growth of M. salmoides, but enhances the antioxidant capacity of liver and intestinal physical barrier and improves intestinal microflora. EC can be used as high-quality protein source for M. salmoides.

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冯转东,廖瑞生,孙皓,刘欣平,陈拥军,向枭,谭北平,林仕梅.饲料中添加酶解鸡浆对大口黑鲈肝脏抗氧化能力、肠道物理屏障和肠道菌群的影响[J].水产学报,2022,46(10):1824~1835

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  • 收稿日期:2022-01-06
  • 最后修改日期:2022-03-03
  • 录用日期:2022-04-07
  • 在线发布日期: 2022-10-19
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