为提高曼氏无针乌贼增殖放流运输过程的存活率，在实验室条件下研究了0、60、100、120、140和160 r/min振荡频率对成体曼氏无针乌贼死亡率、乳酸、糖原含量及酶活性的影响。结果显示，除160 r/min死亡率略有下降外，其他组随着频率的增高死亡率升高，频率120、140 r/min时死亡率最高为91.7%，显著高于0、60、100 r/min处理组。死亡时间主要分布在振荡后的4~8 h，频率越低乌贼出现死亡的时间越晚，160 r/min率先在2 h出现死亡个体。除个别组出现波动外，随着频率的增大，两种组织 (肌肉、肝脏)的糖原含量降低，而乳酸含量增大，140 r/min处理组糖原、乳酸含量与对照组间差异显著。除60 r/min处理组外，随着频率的增加，肝脏组织中的谷丙转氨酶 (ALT)、谷草转氨酶 (GOT)活性降低，超氧化物歧化酶 (SOD)活性增加，且120、140、160 r/min处理组3种酶活性与其他组间差异显著。碱性磷酸酶 (ALP)活性随着频率的增加而升高，140和160 r/min处理组与其他组间差异显著。乌贼死亡率与SOD、肌肉乳酸含量、ALP之间极显著正相关，与肌肉糖原含量、GOT和ALT活性、消化腺糖原含量之间极显著负相关。研究表明，频率显著影响乌贼的存活率，能量耗尽和肝脏损伤可能是乌贼运输过程高死亡率的主要原因，运输过程建议振荡频率小于100 r/min 且运输时间小于3 h，尽量避免较大程度的晃动。本研究可为曼氏无针乌贼成体的增殖放流运输过程提供技术支撑。

Enhancement and releasing are significant for the restoration of Sepiella japonica. To increase the survival rate of S. japonica dring transportation of proliferation and releasing, the effects of different oscillation frequencies (0, 60, 100, 120, 140 and 160 r/min) on death rate, the contents of lactate and glycogen, as well as enzyme activity of adult S. japonica were studied. The results showed that the death rate increased with the frequency increases in other groups, except for a slight decrease at the frequency of 160 r/min. The highest death rate was 97.1% at the frequencies of 120 and 160 r/min, and it was obviously higher than that at the frequencies of 0, 60 and 100 r/min (P<0.05). The death time mainly range from 4-8 h after oscillation and the lower the frequency, the later death time appeared. Except for some statistics fluctuations in a few groups, it basically followed the trend that glycogen content in the two tissues decreased with the increase of frequency, while the lactate content increased. Compared to the treatment group, the experimental group at the frequency of 140 r/min had a significant difference in lactate and glycogen contents(P<0.05). Except for the experimental group at the frequency of 60 r/min, the activity of alanine transaminase (ALT) and glutamic-oxalacetic transaminase (GOT) in pancreas tissues decreased, and the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) increased with the increase of frequency. Compared to other experimental groups, these three enzymes at the groups of 120, 140 and 160 r/min respectively, had a significant difference (P<0.05). The activity of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) increased with the increase of frequency, the groups of 140 r/min and 160 r/min had a significant difference compared with other groups (P<0.05). The death rate of squid was positively correlated with SOD, lactate content and ALP, and negatively correlated with muscle glycogen content, GOT, ALT and digestive gland glycogen content (P<0.01). In conclusion, during the transport of S. japonica, energy exhaustion and hepatopancreas damage could be the major reasons of high death rate. In order to solve this problem, the oscillation frequency during transportation should be below 100 r/min and the transportation time under 3 hours and should avoid strong waggle.

S 981.9

国家重点研发计划 (2019YFD0901204，2019YFD0901205，2020YFD0900804)；浙江省重点研发项目 (2019C02056)