水产品由于其丰富的营养价值，在世界范围内的需求量持续增加。然而，水产品消费与加工过程中产生的大量副产物，带来了严重的资源浪费和环境污染等问题。鉴于此，水产品加工副产物依据其不同特性已经被开发应用到诸多领域。其中，水产品副产物蛋白因其独特的功能特性与较高的经济附加值，在实际生产中得到了广泛的回收和利用。因此，本文综述了现阶段广泛用于回收水产品副产物蛋白的物理学、化学和生物学方法，同时，介绍了鱼类、甲壳类和贝类副产物蛋白高值化利用的研究进展，并对水产品副产物蛋白未来的发展趋势进行展望，旨在进一步提升水产品副产物资源的综合利用潜力，促进我国水产品加工业高质量发展。

The production of aquatic products is always increasing worldwide, due to their high nutritional value. However, a large number of by-products are produced during the consumption and processing of aquatic products, causing serious resources waste and environmental pollution. On this basis, the by-products of aquatic products were developed and applied in many fields according to their different characteristics. Among them, the by-product proteins have been widely recycled and utilized in practice due to its unique functions and high added value. Therefore, this article reviewed the typically physical, chemical and biological methods for recycling the proteins from aquatic products. Meanwhile, we also introduced the research progress in the high-value utilization of by-product proteins from fish, crustaceans and shellfish, as well as their future development trend, with the purpose of further enhancing the comprehensive utilization of aquatic by-products and promoting the high-quality development of aquatic product industry. Generally, the aquatic products from fishing or aquaculture often needed to be processed before their marketing. However, massive by-products were left after being processed, and they must undergo further treatment to obtain end-products with high added value. Among these by-products, proteins accounted for a large proportion and had higher nutritional value. The efficiency of traditional technology to recycle by-products of different aquatic products was limited, and the yield was very low, therefore, it was difficult to potently recycle a large number of by-product proteins from aquatic products. In the past century, the scientists in academic and industrial community made great efforts to fully recycle the by-product proteins of aquatic products, and achieved many end-products through physical, chemical and biological methods. With the advance and innovation of science and technology, the recycling conditions of by-product proteins from aquatic products have been greatly optimized, and the recyclable types of by-products have greatly expanded, as well as the proteins yield has been significantly improved. Therefore, the research hotspots of by-product proteins from aquatic products mainly focused on two aspects: innovative recycling methods and enhancing the added value of utilization. With the continuous development of molecular biology and polymer science, the researchers could modify the by-product proteins from aquatic products through physical, chemical and biological methods, which could not only improve and enhance their biological properties, but also broaden the applications of related products range. China's aquaculture output has ranked first in the world for 28 consecutive years. However, the research on the high-value utilization and industrial application of aquatic by-products needed to be further improved. Moreover, from the perspective of industrial development, whether it was the introduction and development of by-product development technology, or the formulation and management of related product standards, China is facing many practical problems and challenges. Consequently, it is necessary to focus on the current situation and development trend, carry out the next step of planning, which will introduce new vitality to the aquatic product processing industry. In the future, the commercial development of by-product proteins from aquatic products will bring more possibilities and development prospects. More and more foods and drugs prepared using by-product proteins will be approved and promoted, which will provide a driving force for the further development of aquatic products industry.

TS254.9

国家重点研发计划(2018YFC1602205)