为了探明不同进口朝向的布置方式和进口位置对诱鱼效果的影响，本研究通过建立鱼道进口概化模型，设计3种环境流速工况，以马口鱼为实验对象，针对不同朝向和不同位置鱼道进口分别进行放鱼实验。结果显示，在同一鱼道进口位置时，垂直于河道水流方向上的鱼道进口其诱鱼效果明显优于顺河道水流方向的鱼道进口；当开启与电站不同相对位置不同的进口时，其诱鱼效果受河道水流速度和进口位置的影响较为显著；在所设计实验工况中，环境流速为0.3 m/s时，鱼道进口诱鱼效果最好。研究结果将对水利工程中鱼道进口布置具有重要的参考意义并指导工程实践。

In order to find out the influence of different entrance orientations and positions on fish attractive effect, a generalized model of fishway entrance was established and three environmental velocity conditions were designed in this paper. Tests were carried out at fishway entrances of different orientations and positions. The results showed that the fishway entrance in the direction perpendicular to the river flow had better attractive effect than that in the direction parallel to the river flow at the same fishway entrance; When the fishway is located in the middle of the river, the closer the fishway entrance is to the tail water from the power station, the better the fish luring effect will be; In all conditions, when the environmental velocity is 0.3 m/s, there is the best attractive effect for the fishway entrance. The research results will have important reference significance for the layout of fishway entrance in hydraulic engineering and guide the engineering practice.

S956.3

三峡库区生态环境教育部工程研究中心开放基金(KF201504)