新加坡是一个小岛国，农业用地及用于养鱼的海域面积均很有限。但新加坡观赏鱼产业相当独特和成功，是世界第一观赏鱼出口国，向80多个国家出售超过1 000种鱼类，2016年的年收入达到4 300万美元。该产业的成功主要源于其在许可证颁发，生物安全控制，养殖，包装，运输和疾病控制等各方面所具有的独特特征。新加坡正在努力驯养和培育许多高价值的海洋物种和新的淡水物种，并开发新型的循环水养殖系统。上游研究侧重于开发和使用基因组工具来培育新品种并维持野外种类的遗传多样性。但由于养殖鱼类的空间有限，邻国竞争激烈，该行业面临诸多挑战，其市场份额正在减少。在这篇综述中，我们将总结新加坡观赏鱼产业的现状和发展，讨论其面临的挑战，并提出保持该产业领先地位的建议。

Singapore is a small island country with limited land for agricultural purposes and restricted sea waters available for fish farming. However, the ornamental fish industry of Singapore is quite unique and successful, being the world No. 1 exporter of ornamental fish, selling over 1 000 fish species to over 80 countries and generating an annual revenue of USD 43 million in 2016. Its success is mainly thanks to its specific capabilities in licensing, biosecurity controls, culturing, packing, transporting and disease control. Efforts are being made to breed and domesticate many of the high-value marine species and new freshwater species and to develop novel reciculating culture systems. Upstream research has focused on developing and using genomic tools to breed new varieties and to maintain genetic diversity in the wild. However, due to limited space for culturing fish and strong competitions from neighbouring countries, Singapore's ornamental fish industry is facing many challenges, and its market share is reducing. In this review, we will summarize the status and development of Singapore's ornamental fish industry, discuss its challenges and make some suggestions for maintaining the leading position of the industry.