为了解胶州湾海域鱼类群落粒径结构特征，本研究根据2016—2017年4次底拖网调查数据构建了胶州湾鱼类生物量粒径谱，比较分析了各季节鱼类生物量粒径谱特征参数的异质性。结果显示，胶州湾Sheldon型鱼类生物量粒径谱呈现单峰模式，鱼类粒径范围为−3~10粒径级，粒径分布相对均匀，且峰值位于5~6粒径级，主要由大泷六线鱼和褐菖鲉等小型鱼类构成。各季节鱼类标准化生物量粒径谱曲率和曲度差异显著，其中春季曲率最大且曲线较平缓，夏季曲率最小且曲线相对陡峭。谱线曲度和曲率的季节变化主要与粒径小的细纹狮子鱼、大泷六线鱼、玉筋鱼及长丝虾虎鱼等地方常栖性种类和赤鼻棱鳀、白姑鱼等季节洄游性种类的出现有关。Abundance-biomass comparison(ABC)曲线表明，春季处于未干扰状态，冬季处于中度干扰状态，夏秋季处于严重干扰状态。研究表明，胶州湾鱼类群落总体处于严重干扰状态，鱼类生物量谱呈现单峰型，粒径结构以小型粒径鱼类为主，且地方常栖性和季节洄游性鱼类等补充群体的数量和粒径大小影响鱼类生物量粒径谱的峰型和曲率。

In order to understand the grain size structure characteristics of fish communities in the Jiaozhou Bay, in this study, we constructed the biomass particle size spectrum of fish in this area based on the data collected from the four submarine trawl surveys performed during 2016 to 2017. The heterogeneities of the characteristic parameters of biomass particle size spectrum of fish in four seasons were analyzed and compared. The results showed that the Sheldon-type biomass particle size spectrum of fish in the Jiaozhou Bay displayed the unimodal pattern, with the fish particle sizes being ranged from −3 to 10 grain size, showing a relatively uniform particle size distribution spectrum and the highest peak was on the 5-6 grain size. It is mainly composed of small fish, such as Hexagrammos otakii and Sebastiscus marmoratus. There was a significant difference in the degree of curve and curvature of the normalized biomass particle size spectrum of each season. Among them, the spring curvature was the largest and the curve was gentle whereas the summer curvature was the smallest and the curve was relatively steep. The degree of curve and curvature of the curve were mainly related to the presence of a large number of endemic perennial species, such as Liparis tanakae, Ammodytes personatus, and Cryptocentrus filifer as well as the seasonal migratory fish, such as Thrissa kammalensis, and Argyrosomus argentatus. The ABC curve indicated that the spring was in an undisturbed state, the winter was in a moderately disturbed state whereas the summer and autumn were in a state of severe disturbance. These results indicated that the fish biomass spectrum in Jiaozhou Bay was unimodal, and the particle size structure was mainly small-sized fish. The number and size of supplementary populations such as local perennial and seasonal migratory fish affected the peak type and curvature of the biomass particle size spectrum of fish in the Jiaozhou Bay.

S931

国家重点研发计划(2018YFD0900902)；国家“九七三”重点基础研究发展计划(2015CB452904)