为比较分析紫色疣石磺、瘤背石磺、里氏拟石磺和平疣桑椹石磺4种石磺科贝类的脂质和脂肪酸组成，实验采用气相色谱/质谱法对4种石磺的脂肪酸组成进行分析研究。结果显示：① 4种石磺科贝类肌肉组织总脂（TL）主要由磷脂（PL）、游离脂肪酸（FFA）、胆固醇（Cho）和甘油三酯（TG）组成；紫色疣石磺肌肉组织中的PL/TL高达73.12%，显著高于其他3种石磺（P<0.05）；瘤背石磺肌肉组织中的TG/TL达2.75%，显著高于其他3种石磺（P<0.05）；紫色疣石磺肌肉组织中的FFA/TL高达19.16%，显著高于其他3种石磺（P<0.05）；② 4种石磺肌肉组织中的脂肪酸组成较为平衡；瘤背石磺和紫色疣石磺肌肉组织中的总饱和脂肪酸（ΣSFA）含量均达35%以上；总单不饱和脂肪酸（ΣMUFA）含量从大到小的顺序依次是瘤背石磺（20.63%）、紫色疣石磺（20.49%）、里氏拟石磺（19.61%）、平疣桑椹石磺（19.42%）；平疣桑椹石磺肌肉组织中的总多不饱和脂肪酸含量（ΣPUFA）达34.25%，显著高于其他3种石磺（P<0.05）。4种石磺中的C20∶5n3（EPA）含量均大于C22∶6n3（DHA）的含量。研究表明，4种石磺的脂质和脂肪酸组成存在较大差异，可能与其生存环境以及生活习性的差异有关，4种石磺的肌肉组织具有较高的脂类营养价值。其中，紫色疣石磺和瘤背石磺含有丰富的人体必需脂肪酸，且营养均衡，适宜食用；里氏拟石磺具有特殊生理活性的脂肪酸成分含量较高。

Onchidiidae which is widely distributed in China and rich in resources is one kind of economic gastropoda with nutritional value, despite reports for molecular biology, ecology, developmental, physiological and ecological breeding field of research. The analysis of biochemical components of Onchidiidae is conductive to its development and utilization of resources. In view of this, this study determined and compared four different species of Onchidiidae (Peronia verruculata, Onchidium struma, Platevindex mortoni and Paraoncidium reevesii) of total fat (TF) content, lipid and fatty acid composition. The experiments were conducted to investigate total lipid(TL) class and fatty acid composition of Onchidiidae by GC-MS and others. Results show that: ① Four different onchidiids muscle total fat are mainly composed of phospholipids (PL), free fatty acid (FFA), cholesterol (Cho) and triglyceride (TG); the PL/TL content of P. verruculata’s muscle tissue is as high as 73.12%, significantly higher than the other three species (P<0.05); the PL/TL content of O. struma muscle tissue is only 26.23%, significantly lower than the other three species (P<0.05); the TG/TL content of O. struma muscle tissue amounted to 2.75% of muscle tissue, significantly higher than the other three species (P<0.05); FFA/TL of P. verruculata’s muscle tissue is as high as 19.16%, significantly higher than the other three species (P<0.05). ② The fatty acid composition of muscle tissue of four different onchidiids is more balanced (S:M:P close to 1:1:1). The total saturated fatty acids in muscle tissue (Σ SFA) levels of O. struma and P. verruculata were above 35%, Σ SFA of P. mortoni muscle tissue is only 29.58%, significantly lower than the other three species (P<0.05); the four species of Onchidiidae total monounsaturated fatty acid (Σ MUFA) content were similar; the total polyunsaturated fatty acid content of P. mortoni’s muscle tissue is 34.25%, significantly higher than the other three species (P<0.05). The C20:4n6 (ARA) of P. mortonian in muscle tissue content and the C22:5n3 (DPA) of P. reevesii’s muscle tissue were significantly higher than that of the other three onchidiids, C20:5n3 (EPA) content in four onchidiids were significantly higher than the C22:6n3 (DHA). Studies have shown that four species contained higher ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, which suggests that onchidiids’ muscle tissue has high lipid nutrition value, in addition, the composition of lipid and fatty acid of all four has a significant difference, may be related to its habitats and species diversity. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the nutritional value of different kinds of Onchidiidae, provide theoretical basis for the development and utilization of its resources, and provide theory support for the ecological culture and enhancement.

国家自然科学基金项目（41276157）