为阐释鼠尾藻对干露胁迫的适应机制，本研究应用RNA-Seq技术从基因表达水平上研究了鼠尾藻对干露胁迫的分子响应过程。对照组CO1 获得17 532 085 条clean reads，3 h干露胁迫的处理组DR2获得14 479 820条clean reads。CO1中检测到的表达基因数为20 966个，DR2中检测到的表达基因数为20 588个。CO1和DR2组间差异表达的基因总数为476个；相对于CO1，DR2中表达上调的基因数为135个（28.36%），表达下调的基因数为341个（71.64%）。GO分析共富集得到915个GO term，其中143个GO term 涉及的基因表达上调，860个GO term涉及的基因表达下调。pathway 富集分析发现104个代谢途径被富集，其中表达上调基因参与的代谢途径数为10个，表达下调基因参与的代谢途径为101个。差异表达基因编码热休克蛋白家族、抗氧化酶系统、与蛋白合成、加工及降解的相关因子等。以上结果表明，鼠尾藻对干露胁迫的分子响应是一个复杂的过程，涉及众多生化代谢途径和信号转导途径。

In order to elucidate the mechanism of desiccation-stress adaptability in Sargassum thunbergii,the molecular responsive process under desiccation stress was studied on the level of gene expression using the RNA-seq technology.A total of 17 532 085 and 14 479 820 clean reads were obtained in the control group CO1 and in the treatment group DR2(3 h desiccation stress)respectively,and 20 966 and 20 588 genes were detected in CO1 and DR2,respectively.A total of 476 genes were expressed differently between CO1 and DR2,among which 135(28.36%)and 341(71.64%)were respectively up-and down-regulated expressed in DR2 compared to CO1.Gene Ontology(GO)enrichment analysis assigned the 476 differently expressed genes(DEG)to 915 GO terms,among which 143 GO terms containing the up-regulated genes while 860 GO terms containing down-regulated genes.Pathway enrichment analysis showed 104 pathways were enriched.The up-regulated genes were involved in 10 pathways,whereas the down-regulated gens were involved in 101 pathways.The DEGs code the Hsp family,antioxidant enzyme system,protein synthesis,process and degradation related factors and so on.The above results indicated that the response process to desiccation stress in S.thunbergii was complex,involving many metabolic pathways and signal transduction pathways.

国家“八六三” 高技术研究发展计划（2012AA10A413）；中国科学院实验海洋生物学重点实验室开放基金资助