An 8-week feeding experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of different proportion of rapeseed meal(RSM):cottonseed meal(CSM)on growth performance,hematological index and gossypol residues of Carassius auratus gibelio.Six diets were fed to fish with average weight of 5.6 g.The ratios of RSM∶CSM in diets(the total inclusion of RSM and CSM was 60%)were designed as 5∶0,4∶1,3∶2,2∶3, 1∶4 and 0∶5.The results showed that weight gain(WG),feed efficiency ratio(FER)and specific growth rate(SGR)of Carassius auratus gibelio first increased,then decreased with the ratio of RSM∶CSM changing from 5∶0 to 0∶5.Fish fed with diet of RSM∶CSM=3∶2,had the highest weight gain(WG,505.6%),condition factor and lowest feed conversion ratio(FCR,1.33),hepatosomatic index.However,fish fed with diet of RSM∶CSM=5∶0,had the lowest weight gain(WG,430.1%),condition factor,and highest feed conversion ratio(FCR,1.52),hepatosomatic index.No significant differences among treatments were observed in survival rate and muscle moisture,crude protein,crude lipid,crude ash content(P>0.05).Serum ALT and AST activities of RSM∶CSM=5∶0 group were significantly higher than that of group of RSM∶CSM=3∶2,or 2∶3(P<0.05); AKP activities of fish of RSM∶CSM=3∶2 group had the highest value in all groups.There was no significant difference in serum TP in all groups(P>0.05).Free gossypol content in muscle and liver increased with the rise of cottonseed meal content in diet(P<0.05).This study showed that the ratio of RSM and CSM for 3∶2 was the optimal ratio for growth of Carassius auratus gibelio. High inclusion of rapeseed meal or cottonseed meal in diet would reduce growth performance and increase serum ALT and AST activity.