哲罗鱼稚鱼氨基酸的需要量
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国家公益性行业科研专项(2008326001);黑龙江省自然科学基金项目(C2007-22);黑龙江水产研究所基本科研专项(2007HSYZX2YZ208)


Requirement of essential amino acids for Hucho taimen juvenile
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    摘要:

    采用高生物价的酪蛋白、明胶为蛋白源的蛋白饲料(PD)和无蛋白饲料(FPD)饲养哲罗鱼稚鱼(6.8~7.3 g),通过在实验开始和结束时测定鱼体氨基酸的组成,研究氨基酸的增重需要和维持需要,并计算哲罗鱼必需氨基酸的需求量。试验在室内玻璃钢水族箱中进行,分两个处理,每个处理3个重复,每个重复25尾鱼。试验期间水温23~25 ℃,溶氧为6.4~7.5 mg/L,试验共进行28 d。试验结果表明,与FPD组相比,PD组鱼成活率、饲料系数、增重率、粗脂肪的含量均显著升高(P<0.05),而FPD组的水分含量显著增加(P<0.05)。PD组和FPD组鱼体粗蛋白的末含量与初始值相比差异不显著(P>0.05)。鱼体必需氨基酸的维持量(除色氨酸外)均占鱼体必需氨基酸的增加量和维持量之和的20%~30%,色氨酸占54.52%,所以在估计鱼体必需氨基酸的需要量时,鱼体必需氨基酸的维持量是不能忽略的。哲罗鱼各种EAA需求量[g/(100 g鱼体重)/d ]为苏氨酸(Thr)0.040,缬氨酸(Va1)0.041,蛋氨酸(Met)0.027,异亮氨酸(I1e)0.034,亮氨酸(Leu)0.067,苯丙氨酸(Phe)0.035,赖氨酸(Lys)0.068,组氨酸(His)0.110,精氨酸(Arg)0.050,色氨酸(Trp)0.007。如饲料蛋白质水平为42%,哲罗鱼对必需氨基酸的需要量(占饲料蛋白质%)为苏氨酸(Thr)4.17,缬氨酸(Va1)4.24,蛋氨酸(Met)2.84,异亮氨酸(ILe)3.56,亮氨酸(Leu)6.99,苯丙氨酸(Phe)3.64,赖氨酸(Lys)7.18,组氨酸(His)11.53,精氨酸(Arg)5.19,色氨酸(Trp)0.76。

    Abstract:

    Feeding experiments were conducted with protein diets(PD)and proteinfree diets(FPD) for Hucho taimen(6.8-7.3 g), the diets(PD) was prepared by casein and gelatin as protein source with high biological values. The whole body amino acid composition was determined at the beginning and the end of the study. The requirements of Hucho taimen for essential amino acids(EAA) were determined based on the daily increment and daily maintenance requirement of each EAA in fish body. Fish were raised in tanks. There were 2 diets, each diet was randomly assigned to triplicate groups of 25 fish. During the experiment, the water temperature fluctuated from 23 ℃ to 25 ℃, and the dissolved oxygen was 6.4 mg/L to 7.5 mg/L. The experiment was conducted for 28 days. Compared with the FPD fish, the survival rate, the feed coefficient rate, the weight gain and crude lipid were increased significantly(P<0.05).The daily maintenance requirement of EAA(except trytophan) accounted for 20% to 30% of the sum of daily increment and daily maintenance requirement, and accounting for 54.52% of tryptophan. So the daily maintenance requirement of EAA can not be ignored. The minimum requirements of EAA needed to satisfy the requirements of Hucho taimen[g/(100 g body weight)/d] were: Threonine 0.040, Valine 0.041, Methionine 0.027, Isoleuline 0.034, Leucine 0.067, Phenylalanine 0.035, Lysine 0.068, Histidine 0.110, Arginine 0.050. When dietary protein level was 42%, the minimum contents of EAA in the dietary(g/kg diet) were as follows: Threonine 4.17, Valine 4.24, Methionine 2.84, Isoleuline 3.56, Leucine 6.99, Phenylalanine 3.64, Lysine 7.18, Histidine 11.53, Arginine 5.19 and Trytophan 0.76.

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杨俊玲,王常安,许红,徐奇友,尹家胜.哲罗鱼稚鱼氨基酸的需要量[J].水产学报,2010,34(4):565~572

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  • 收稿日期:2009-08-28
  • 最后修改日期:2009-11-25
  • 录用日期:2010-03-01
  • 在线发布日期: 2010-04-07
  • 出版日期: 2010-04-15