为了解大黄鱼同质雌核发育的诱导条件及其效果，用紫外线照射灭活大黄鱼精子的遗传物质，静水压休克抑制第一次卵裂，培育出2个同质雌核发育家系(GF1和GF2)，并借助微卫星标记进行鉴定，研究了10个母本中杂合的位点在2个家系中的传递和分离。结果显示，GF1和GF2孵出的仔鱼中分别有40.0%和17.1%形态正常个体，GF1检测8个位点30个个体均表现出雌核发育双单倍体（GDH）的特征，有20种基因型；GF2检测4个位点30个个体中，27个为GDH，2个含有父本基因，余下1个个体扩增条带既不同于母本也不同于父本，遗传本质不明。可见，所采用方法可以诱导出同质雌核发育大黄鱼。10个标记中除了LYC0026和LYC0053标记在GF2中偏离了1∶1（P<0.05），其余标记在GDH中的分离均符合孟德尔遗传定律的预期比值。研究还发现LYC0002和LYC0014的分离模式完全相同。首次报道了大黄鱼同质雌核发育的人工诱导及微卫星标记在GDH中的传递与分离，为大黄鱼纯系培育及利用GDH与纯系进行基因组作图分析等研究奠定了基础。

In this study, two mitotic gynogenesis families GF1 and GF2 were produced and verified with 10 microsatellite markers，8 in GF1 and 4 in GF2 respectively. The inheritance and segregation of 10 microsatellite loci in putative gynogenetic doubled haploids (GDH) were investigated. All of fries in control families were abnormal, while normal fries reappeared in GF1 and GF2 after hydrostatic pressure shock, with normality rate of 40.0% and 17.1% respectively. In GF1, twenty genotypes have been observed in 30 assayed progenies. All samples of GF1 were demonstrated as GDH for exclusive maternal inheritance and homozygous at each locus. In 30 tested offspring in GF2, 27 fries were demonstrated as GDH, 2 fries contained male parent specific band, and 1 fry remained undefined. These results suggested that the homozygous gynogenesis could be induced with the method reported in this paper. In addition, the segregations of microsatellite markers in GDHs were consistent with the expected ratio according to Mendel’s law at all the loci except LYC0026 and LYC0053. We also found that the segregation mode of GDH was completely identical between LYC0002 and LYC0014. In the present study, the artificial induction of homozygous gynogenesis and the inheritance and segregation of microsatellite markers in GDH in large yellow croaker was first reported, which will server as a foundation for rapid establishment of homozygous lines and making a genome map with GDH and homozygous lines in large yellow croaker.

国家“八六三”高技术研究发展计划（2006AA10A405）；国家自然科学基金（30771663）；福建省青年创新基金项目（2006F3095）；集美大学创新团队基金（2006A001）