Cephalopods is one of the most important sources of protein for human.Its reproductive system is an important part for cephalopods,not only is considered as the basis of biological study and the focus of reproductive biology,but also plays an important role in the taxonomy.For females,there are such remarkable differences as the oviduct and oviducal gland among Ommastrephids,Myopsids,Sepioids and Octopods.Seminal receptacle of Decapodiformes is located in buccal mass,but that of Octopodiformes on oviducal gland.Bursa copulatrix is one special organ in subfamily Sepiolinae to be considered as a certain role in taxonomy for genus Epietta.For males,hectocotylus is an important taxonomy characteristic and there are some differences in their locations and structures among different cephalopods.Copulatory apparatus is a special structure in hectocotylus,whose usage is also considered.The majority of cephalopods with complex spermatophore of which ejaculatory apparatus,connective complex and sperm mass are considered of certain significance at taxonomy in family Histioteuthidae,but major cephalopods with simple spermatophore is generally called sperm packet.