本文首先对国际水产生物技术的发展历史进行了简要回顾，主要包括鱼类基因克隆、基因转移、染色体操作和多倍体诱导、雌核发育和性别控制等领域的发展历程和重点研究进展； 随后重点介绍了2005-2006年度国内水产生物技术领域的最新研究进展和取得的成绩，主要包括水产养殖动物功能基因筛选与克隆、分子标记筛选与应用、基因工程和细胞工程育种、鱼类胚胎干细胞培养和细胞库建立、渔用基因工程产品和疫苗研制以及鱼类精子和胚胎冷冻保存等方面； 最后，本文对水产生物技术今后的发展趋势进行了展望， 提出了今后5-10年我国水产生物技术领域的研究方向和重点研究内容。

First of all, the development of aquaculture biotechnology in the world was briefly reviewed, mainly including gene cloning, gene transfer, chromosome manipulation, polyploid induction, gynogenesis and sex control in fish. Secondly, the development and achievement of aquaculture biotechnology recently in China were presented, including the screening and cloning of functional genes in aquaculture animals, the screening and application of molecular marker, breeding by gene engineering and cell engineering, culture of fish embryo stem cell and the establishment of cells library, products of gene engineering for fishery, vaccine development, the cryopreservation of fish sperm and embryo, and so on. Thirdly, the problem and deficiency of the development and research in aquaculture biotechnology in China were pointed out by comparing with the development abroad. Finally, the trend of aquaculture biotechnology was prospected, moreover, the trend and key points of research in 5 to 10 years in China were suggested.

国家973项目