China carps have culturally long history and economically important values. Its annual yield is far more than those of other fishes. Recent decades, many innovate breeds have been exploited successfully, greatly increasing production and improving attribute. Cyprinis carpio var. xingguonensis , Cyprinis carpio var. wuyuanensis , Cyprinis carpio var. wananensis , called Three Kinds of Red Carp in Jiangxi Province , along with Cyprinus carpio haematopterus and Cyprinusy carpio var. are typical cultural varieties and wild species in China , which play a prominent role in fish genetic breeding. The second molecular markers , called microsatellite markers about 84 were applied to detect genomic DNAs for the fishes above mentioned. As a result , there are 43 pairs of primers that can amplify clear bands when the annealing temperature risen to 60 ℃, of which 14 markers display polymorphisms between populations, which possess 2 -4 allelic sites. Further, microsatellite loci MFW4, MFW19 , MFW23 and MFW26 express individual polymorphisms within populations , which have 7 -13 allelic sites. The data collected indicate that there is slight difference in three kinds of red carp in Jiangxi province , of which Cyprinis carpio var. xingguonensis and Cyprinis carpio var. wuyuanensis are closer in genetic relationship (0. 93 ). Again, there is a higher genetic similarity between Cyprinusy carpio var. and Cyprinus carpio haematopterus (0. 89), demonstrating that they belong to the same sub2species. According to these results obtained from microsatellite markers , genetic diversity of 5 carps is discussed.