温度和藻类饵料对虾夷马粪海胆摄食及生长的影响
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农业部海洋水产增养殖生态学重点开放实验室

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EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE AND ALGAE ON FEEDING AND GROWTH IN SEA URCHIN, STRONGYLOCENTROTUS INTERMEDIUS
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Key lab of Maricultural Ecology of Ministry of Agriculture, Dalian Fisheries College, 116023

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    摘要:

    对虾夷马粪海胆在10.0~25.0℃水温下单独投喂海带、裙带菜、石莼及15.4~17.8℃混合投喂海带、裙带菜、石莼、铜藻、角叉菜的不同组合和21.6~27.4℃饥饿状态下的摄食、生长及成活进行了试验研究。海胆体重与壳直径的关系为G=0.43132D2.9958。海胆对海带、裙带菜、石莼的日摄食率依次降低且随水温变化而异。1.0~3.6cm幼海胆在10.0~25.0℃下摄食上述海藻均可保持较快的生长速度(0.5×10-2~3.0×10-2cm/个·天),1.0cm幼海胆在19.0℃时生长最快,而3.6~5.0cm成海胆在16.0℃时最快。水温上升至25.0℃,5.0cm以上成海胆体重出现负生长且大多数出现患病症状,死亡率达8.3%。1.0~5.3cm海胆随壳径增加海胆对高温的耐性下降、生长适温范围减小。海藻饵料直接影响海胆的体色和性腺色泽。海胆对海带、裙带菜、铜藻、角叉菜、石莼的选择摄食率依次降低。1.0~5.2cm海胆中1.7~3.5cm海胆耐饥饿能力最强,海胆在较高水温条件下可饥饿15天左右。 更多还原

    Abstract:

    The feeding and g row th of Japanese common sea urchin, St rongylocent rotus intermedius fed on L aminaria j ap oni ca , Undar ia p innat if ida and Ulva sp. in 10. 0- 25. 0 .. and fed on the mixed algae combined with Sar gar ssum horneri , Chondr us sp. in 15. 4- 17. 8 .. w ere determined respect ively . The relat ionship betw een sea urchin body weig ht ( G ) and test diameter( D) is G= 0. 43132D 2. 9958 . And the results also show e that the daily feeding rates of sea urchin fed on the three kinds of algae are dif ferent and change w ith the water temperature. The daily grow th rates are 0. 5 .. 10- 2- 3. 0 .. 10- 2cm/ ( ind..day) of juvenile sea urchin ( 1. 0- 3. 6cm in test diameter ) fed on L . j aponica, U. p innat if ida and Undaria sp. in 10. 0- 25. 0 .. . T he daily relat ive growth rate is the biggest in 19. 0 .. in the juvenile ( 1. 0cm in diameter) , but in 16. 0 .. for adult ( 3. 6- 5. 0cm in diameter) . The body w eight g row th rate is negat ive of adult sea urchin at 25. 0 .. . For 1. 0 - 5. 3 cm sea urchin, the ability for ant-i hig h temperature decreases w ith the increasing of test diameter. T he color of body and sex gland of sea urchin vary w ith it s fed algae. It also indicates that the sequence of selective feeding on five kinds of alg ae is L . j ap onica, U. p innat if ida, S . hor ner , Chondrus sp. , Undar ia sp. The result of hungry test show s that the sea urchin can be hung ry for 15 days in 21. 6- 27. 4 .. , and the ant-i hungry ability for 1. 7- 3. 5 cm is st ronger than the others of 1. 0- 5. 2 cm sea urchin.

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常亚青.温度和藻类饵料对虾夷马粪海胆摄食及生长的影响[J].水产学报,1999,23(1):

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  • 收稿日期:2014-04-18
  • 最后修改日期:2014-04-18
  • 录用日期:2014-04-19
  • 在线发布日期: 2014-04-19
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