By analysing a series of statistics of marked-and-recaptured prawns, the records of recaptured prawns in fishing grounds, monitoring of the migration and distribution of the released prawns and the hydrology of the seven area bays along the coast of central yellow sea, the distribution and migration of the released prawn population and the variation of central fishing ground were studied and described.The results show that every year in the middle of June and beginning of July, the newly released young prawns mainly inhabit in the shallow estuary of the bay, and gradually they disperse to surrouding vicinity for feeding. In the first and second 10 days of August, the main group of prawns leave from the low salinity and high temperature region in the bay (salinity 28-30‰, temperature 25-29℃), and migrate to 5-15m depth region out of the bay, later on the prawn population tends to feed at more than 20m depth with high salinity and temperature region (salinity 31-32.5‰, temperature 20-23℃). The last ten days of October (bottom water temperature 18-19℃) is the peak of spawning season, which ends in the first ten days of November, then the prawn groups disperse and enter the overwintering grounds.