Honghu Iake is a big and shadow Iake at the middle-lower reaches of Changjiang riG er. Sinee the partition between the lake and river, great changes of the organisms inhabited in Honghu Lake had taken place during period mara than twee years.The investigation was taken place in 1981一1982. rhhe biamass of aquatic plants (hydraphyte) of the whale lake was estimated to be 1,570,000 tons, the biomass of the benthic dwelled animals are 6，202 tons. Henee, then, thfl Iake belongs to eutrophical type without being poluted basically Eut the yield of fish in Honghu lake has beendecreased year after year. In 1979-1981，the average of annual catch is about 3,160.5 tons, converted into yield of 5.93 kilograms per mu. Evidently the abundant aquatic resource of the lake has not been fully exploited and utzlized yet. So that the utility rate of the total primary production the fishes iu Honghu Iake is only 0.0005. Through the systamatical analyses to the ecosystem structure of the fisheries in I3onghulake. A tentative proposal has been suggested, in order to put forward the ex-oitation and utilisation of the aquatic resource in Honghu Ia,ke.