Fish behavioral characteristics serve as fundamental data guiding the design of fish passage facilities in hydropower projects. This study systematically examines four critical aspects closely related to fishway design: ① fish swimming capacity, ② behavioral responses to hydrodynamic conditions, ③ techniques for fish attraction and deterrence, ④ effectiveness monitoring of fish passage operations. By synthesizing 121 relevant studies across these domains, we establish standardized experimental protocols for behavioral parameter quantification and identify pivotal technical criteria, including critical swimming speeds, turbulence tolerance thresholds, and optimal flow parameters for fish guidance. The analysis reveals limitations in current experimental designs, such as insufficient ecological validity in stimulus simulation and inadequate scaling principles for engineering applications. To address these gaps, we propose enhanced methodologies integrating multi-scale experiments (laboratory to field) and data-driven adaptive monitoring systems. These advancements aim to refine the scientific rigor of fish behavior experiments and optimize the ecological performance of fish passage facilities in practical engineering contexts.