Mao Shujian , Shao Jianzhong , Hang Qi , Zhang Nianci
1989, 13(1):1-4,79.
Abstract:The pathogen of hemorrhage of grass carp was studied as early as the beginning of the 1950s. Until 1978-84 the reovirus was isolated, which was denominated Grass Carp Reovirus (GCR) or Fish Reovirus. This paper deals with two hinds of virosome: one is Reovirus and the other is 24-30 nm in diameter.They were observed. in the tissue of diseased fish under electron microscope. By analysing the nucleic acid of virus, the farmer virus is dsRNA virus and the later is ssRNA virus. These two virus were infected by injection to 1 year old healthy Grass carp respectively. Two typical symptoms of hemorrhage appeared: the symptom of hemorrhage of intestinal tract caused by Reovirus and the symptom of nuasculature caused by the other virus. Tt is obvious that both viruses are the pathogen of hemorrhage of grass carp of different kinds. The v irus which is 20-30 nm in diameter was temporary defined as Picornaviridae.
Yang Shuxun , Li Dongkui , Yang Yuzhuang , Du Lijun , Zheng Wei , Yao Ligang
1989, 13(1):5-16,58.
Abstract:This paper deals with the data of 1,800 Burbots (Lota lota) specimens continusly collected from 1981 to 1987. Age composition, feeding habits and reproduction of the Burbots were studied.
1989, 13(1):17-23.
Abstract:The present paper deals with the growth characteristics of the juvenile of woolly handed. crab (Eriocheir sinensis) cultivated in ponds. The relationship of length (L)/age (T) is exponential. The regression equation of length or weight and age was determined through calculation. The results obtained showed that there is a little difference about growth rate of the juvenile crab under different culture conditions,but obviously there is a significant difference in individual growth. Eithar indoor or outdoor under same food ration and dissolved oxygen, the relationship of the juvenile crab growth with water temperature is a positive correlation, between 16.5℃ and 32.0℃. The general equation of the juvenile crab, based on the measurement of 185 individuals, can be pressed as W= 0 .4209L3.1150
1989, 13(1):24-35.
Abstract:Changdang Hu Lake,situated in Jiangsu province, is a shallow lake(average water depth 1.0 meter) with an area of 90 square kilometres. The lake is rich in submerged plants, about 70% is covered by Potamogeton maackianus Benett.There are altagether 60 species of fishes in the lake, and the total fish yield in 1983 is 11.5 tons about 0.68 kg/ha. The paper is a result of investigation in 1983-84. Data concerning the species composition, community structure, ecological distribution and submerged plants biomass of the aquatic vegetation are reported. The succession of the aquatic vegetation ieads to the dynamic changes of the population structure of fishes, tha abundance of phytoplankton, zooplankton and the benthos. By analysing the data, it was found that the aquatic vegetation in Changdang Hu Lake has followed a long succession from richness to declination,from recovery to richness during the last thirty years. Accompanying with the succession, the changes of fish nompasition, fish stacking and fishing gear have also occured. Basing on the viewpoint of lake ecology, the paper emphasized the importance of the submerged vegetation resource, and implied the possible succession trends of Changdang Hu Lake fishery ecosystem. Lastly, some suggestions on development of lake fishery have been made.
1989, 13(1):36-41,69.
Abstract:The cultured free-living canohocElis of Porphyra haitannsis is common to be mixed with diatoms and its normal growth is thus affacted. In the experiment free-living conchocelis was cultured under the conditions of illuminating strength 1500 lux, for 10-12 hr/day and at normal temperature.Within the concentration extent, it was found that gernnaniuzn dioxide has no significant effert an the germination of Porphyro haitaninsis carpaspore,the growth of conchocelis .the maturing of conehosporangial cells and the formation of conchospore,but the chemical can effectively restrain the growth and relrroduetiun of attaching diatom and green algae. The poisoning mechanism of germanium dioxide to diatom and green algae is also discussed in this paper.
Gong Shiyuan , Wang Mingxue , Zhang Haiming
1989, 13(1):42-51.
Abstract:A great number of experiman.ts were carried out in I984 and I985 in testing the newly designed fishing gear for alternate fishing recruitment in eight kinds of ponds and weirs in aquaculture station, animal husbandry station, Young People station and Hue thong Agricultural University.The results are summarized as follows: 1.The cubic number coefficient(K2)of silver carp, grass carp and bighead carp is 6.36,5.50 and 6.40 respectively. 2.Trinal pulling gill net and reformatory shore landing seine are new fishing gear far alternate fishing-recruitment in ponds and weirs. Their mesh size applies directly weight eduation(a=K2G1/3) and not decreasing 20-50% any more. 3.When web sine (2a) are designed as 10 cm, fishing sine of silver carp, big-head carp are aver 500 gram. 4.Fishing size were not selected by fisherman and fish remained in ponds grew very goad. 5. Output per ha pond may increase by l0% more. 6.The quality of the new fishing gear are light, simple and lower cost. 7.These fishing gear ma.y be applied to all ponds and weirs over the country.
1989, 13(1):52-58.
Abstract:The karyotypes of three freshwater fishes ware studied. The chramosonies prepared from kidney cells after PHA injection in viva and colchicine treatment in vitro or the chromosomes prepared Pram cultured peripheral blood Iymphorytes. The diploid chromosome number of Coreosiperca roulei is 46. The Karyotype formula of C.rouli is 2n=2sm+8sm+36t, in which there is no meta-centric chromosome pairs. The chromosomes were decreased gradually in sine from the largest to the smallest. The dioploid chrozz}osome number of sarcochcilichthys nigripinnis nigripinnis is 50, including 11 metaeentric chromosoiue pairs. 10 sub-metacentric chromosome pairs and 4 telocentric cliramosnme pairs. First chramasome pairs is a rather conspicuously large metacentric chrazaosome pairs.The diploid chromosome number of Odonctobutis obsurus is 44. They are all telocentric chromosomes. According to their length, 44 chromosomes are tentatively classified into four classes by using Fisher-yates test. The results obtained from these studies indirnte that all of 3 fishes have no visible evidence of satellites and heteromophic chromosomes.
1989, 13(1):59-64.
Abstract:This paper is a description of the early embryonic development of Ecopalamon carincauda and the study of the relation between its incubation and temperature and salinity. The results are as follows: 1.The early embryonic development of Exopalamon carinicauda might be divided into 12 development stages and the fertilized eggs could be hatched out in 1O-11 days at a water temperature of 22.8-27.5℃. 2.There was a close relation between the temperature and the period of incubation. The hours of incubation had a negative relevance to temperature,and a positive relevance to total accumulated temperature within the range of experimental temperature, while temperature had a negative relevance to total accumulated temperature. 3.Salinity had a positive relevance to the hours of eggs Incubation within the experimental salinity.
1989, 13(1):65-69.
Abstract:In our recent studies on the Chinese stluat-lobsters, a new species was found in the material Gollectad from the South China Sea by South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute. The type specimens are deposited in the South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute.
1989, 13(1):70-73.
Abstract:流变学是研究物质流动和形变的一门科学。本文主要从流变学的角度研究和比较了褐藻酸钠胶体溶液及其乳状液的流变学特性。
Yan Yu , Sun Yingmin , Song Zhile
1989, 13(1):74-79.
Abstract:Charybdis(charybdis)Japonica(A.Milne-Edwards)是我国大型海产食用蟹类之一。它遍布我国、日本、朝鲜和马来西亚沿岸,红海等亦有分布。
1989, 13(1):80-84.
Abstract:早在1975年作者于湖北省阳斯县竹林塘渔场家鱼人工繁殖中,首次发现大批初孵的草鱼苗腹部发白,当地人称之为“自肚病”;患病鱼苗移动缓慢,接着陆续死亡。以后在湖北省江陵县、江苏省江阴县、无锡县等一些养鱼场中也相继发现此病。
1989, 13(1):85-88.
Abstract:海龟是分布在我国东海、黄海、南海的一种爬行动物。祖国医药文献对海龟的药用价值虽有所记载,但除用其血作抗箭毒外,并无其他叙述。
Wang Xiande , Lu Boyi , Tang Xuehuai , Chen Yonghong
1989, 13(1):89-92.
Abstract:变位底拖网是在不改变现有机帆船双船底拖网网身结构的基础上,采用吊纲绳,侧空纲以及“G”型脱卸钩等装置。使拖网能在一定幅度内有效地调整网位,满足捕捞选择性要求,提高捕捞效果,在拖网捕捞技木方面为国内初次。生产实践证明,变位底拖网在捕捞带鱼,起到了保护资源的作用,既能提高渔获物质量,降低幼鱼的比例,又能减少网具消耗,减轻劳动强度,具有较为显著的经济,生态和社会效益。
1989, 13(1):93-100.
Abstract:实践表明,品种是水产养殖的物质基础,良种的选择和培育是增产的有效途径。要从根本上提高水产品的数量和质量,必须在品种上狠下功夫。