To research the role of the oropharyngeal cavity gustatory organ of Cynoglossus semilaevi in the feeding behavior and the relation between morphology and function of the gustatory organ, the relations between morphology, distribution and function of the oropharyngeal cavity gustatory organ of C.semilaevi were investigated by using scanning electron microscopic and behavioural experiments methods. Scanning electron microscopic studies revealed that the distribution of the gustatory organ is comparatively concentrative, and Type Ⅰ taste buds were located on the inner surface of the snout tip while those of Type Ⅱ were mainly found on the upper surface of both the front and the central part of the tongue. Behavioral experiments showed that both Type I and Type II taste buds on the inner surface of the snout tip and on the upper surface of the tongue were sensitive to both chemical and mechanical stimuli, and the texture of the food is as important as its chemical nature to the fish. It is suggested that Type Ⅰ and Type Ⅱ taste buds do have the function of mechanoreception as well as chemoreception. In addition, the present paper also indicated that the morphology and distribution of the oropharyngeal cavity gustatory organ of C.semilaevi are adaptations to its predatory feeding habit.