This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of three different temperatures and salinities on spermatophore regeneration and sperm quality in shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei. The spermatophores weights were weighed and sperm qualities were evaluated through dyeing and observing under fight-microscope when shrimps were cultured in different temperature and salinity conditions. Results showed that total sperm count and normal sperm count of shrimps held at 26 ℃ were significantly higher than that of shrimps at 22 ℃ and 30 ℃. Normal sperm count of shrimps held at 30 ℃ reduced from 14.0 million to 4.3 million, and abnormal sperm increased from 6.1% to 56.6%. The higher the temperature was, the shorter the intermoult cycle became, but the sperm quality of shrimps maintained at higher temperature （30 ℃ ） was worse than those of shrimp at lower temperature （26, 22 ℃ ）. Spermatophore weight of shrimps held at a salinity of 30 was significantly higher than those of shrimp at 5 and 15, but total and normal sperm count of shrimps held at a salinity of 15 was significantly higher than those of shrimps at 5 and 30. With the experiment period lasting, percentage of abnormal sperm of shrimps held at three different salinities increased, especially at 5. The research will he helpful to the shrimp hatcheries for shrimp reproduction in male broedstock selection and culture.