In aquaculture Chinese herbal medicines could promote specific and nonspecific immune functions of fish to control fish diseases. In mammal, Chinese herbs could promote antioxidant enzymes activity and hepatic lipid peroxide contents, alleviate free radical and reduce the lipid peroxidation injury. Howwever the effcet of anthraquinones extracted from Rheum officinale Bail on fish immunity has hardly been found in research reports and few reports have been found to study the immune and antioxide effects of anthraquinones extract gave Macrobrachium rosenbergii certain protection against Vibrio anguillarum. In view of this, Marcobrachium rosenbergii were allotted into five groups randomly. The control group were fed with basal diet, the others were the treated groups fed with basal diet supplemented with 0.05%, 0.1%, 0.20%, 0.4% anthraquinones extracts for 8 weeks, respectively. At the end of feeding period, M. rosenbergii of each group were infected with V. anguillarum. The growth index and lysozyme, maleic dialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), total antioxidative capacity (T-AOC) were determined. The results of growth test showed that, compared with the control, 0.1% and 0.4% dose group elevated weight gain rates, specific growth rates and decreased feed conversion rates significantly. Hepatopancreas SOD activities were a trend mounted up